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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">periodontology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пародонтология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Parodontologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3759</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7269</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Periodontal Association (RPA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3759-2024-1027</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">periodontology-1027</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взаимовлияние заболеваний полости рта и толстой кишки: систематический обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interrelationship between oral and colon diseases: a systematic review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8475-8297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казаченко Елена Викторовна, ассистент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>197022, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6, г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kazachenko, DMD, Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>6 Lev Tolstoy Str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aneletchka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8026-0800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орехова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орехова Людмила Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila Yu. Orekhova, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of the Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology; President of Russian Association of Periodontology, General manager, City Periodontal Center “PAKS” Ltd.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof_orekhova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3548-0185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучумова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchumova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кучумова Елена Дмитриевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p> Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena D. Kuchumova, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edky@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0366-2873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцева Татьяна Васильевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Kudryavtseva, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.kudryavtseva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2288-0060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дудка</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dudka</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дудка Виктор Васильевич, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургических болезней стоматологического факультета имени профессора А. М. Ганичкина </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. Dudka, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery named after Professor A.M. Ganichkin, Dental School</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvv958@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3411-6514</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайда</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shayda</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шайда Лариса Петровна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa P. Shayda, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shaydalp.72@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3120-5677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечай</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechai</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нечай Елена Юрьевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии терапевтической и пародонтологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Nechai, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elnechay@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>419</fpage><lpage>431</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казаченко Е.В., Орехова Л.Ю., Кучумова Е.Д., Кудрявцева Т.В., Дудка В.В., Шайда Л.П., Нечай Е.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казаченко Е.В., Орехова Л.Ю., Кучумова Е.Д., Кудрявцева Т.В., Дудка В.В., Шайда Л.П., Нечай Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazachenko E.V., Orekhova L.Y., Kuchumova E.D., Kudryavtseva T.V., Dudka V.V., Shayda L.P., Nechai E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/1027">https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/1027</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ежегодно появляются новые исследования ученых разных стран, подтверждающие, что возникновение заболеваний как со стороны стоматологических органов, так и со стороны кишечника влекут за собой нарушения взаиморегуляции в рамках единой структурно-функциональной системы различных отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ), в том числе полости рта. Цель – изучить доступные данные отечественной и мировой научной литературы о состоянии полости рта на фоне заболеваний толстой кишки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен систематический поиск и анализ доступных отечественных и зарубежных источников литературы, в число которых были включены 89% материала из литературы не старше 10 лет. Подбор осуществлялся в электронных базах PubMed, Google Search, eLibriary. Печатные работы изучались при соблюдении следующих критериев включения: пациенты с заболеваниями ЖКТ, в том числе толстой кишки (запор, геморроидальная болезнь, колит, дивертикулез, полипы толстой кишки, рак толстой кишки), среди которых было исследование полости рта по одному из заболеваний или состояние челюстно-лицевой области в целом. В рамках изучаемой темы было выявлено 2473 источника научной литературы. В процессе работы были удалены дубликаты, проверена литература на наличие названия и аннотации, по итогам отбора для изучения было доступно 985 исследований. В систематический обзор было включено 59 публикаций, которые подходили для данного исследования и могли быть использованы в количественном сравнении.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Имеются научные данные об обнаружении обратной корреляции уровня С-терминального телопептида коллагена первого типа и резорбции костной ткани альвеолярного отростка по костному показателю Фукса (r = -0,633; p &lt; 0,05). Также выявлена статистически значимая прямая связь уменьшения остеокальцина в ротовой жидкости (r = 0,589; p &lt; 0,05). Таким образом, по анализу ротовой жидкости пациентов с неспецифическим язвенным колитом и синдромом раздраженного кишечника можно заподозрить воспалительное заболевание пародонта. Ученые приобретают единый взгляд на образование аутоиммунных реакций в ответ на воспалительные процессы в слизистой оболочке разных отделов ЖКТ, негативно влияющих и на ткани ротовой полости. Группы ученых разных стран, в том числе из Японии, в 2019 году изучили микробиом слюны с помощью секвенирования гена 16S рибосомной РНК и обнаружили достоверное увеличение бактериального разнообразия слюны у пациентов с раком ЖКТ, по сравнению с контрольной группой: количество оперативных таксономических единиц (ОТУ), P = 0,02; индекс Шеннона, P &lt; 0,01; Чао1, Р = 0,04.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, основываясь на доступных данных мировой научной литературы, можно констатировать наличие патологических изменений в полости рта на фоне заболеваний толстой кишки, которые в состоянии помочь в диагностике и мониторинге активности колопроктологического заболевания. Тем самым возрастает интерес к вопросу взаимосвязи заболеваний толстой кишки и состояния полости рта. Имеются немногочисленные работы по представленной теме. Появляются единичные статьи о патологических изменениях в полости рта у людей, страдающих геморроидальной болезнью, что требует дальнейшего более подробного и углубленного изучения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Recent studies from researchers worldwide have confirmed that the coexistence of dental and intestinal diseases disrupts the structural and functional regulation within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including the oral environment. Оbjective. To analyze data from domestic and international scientific literature on the oral health conditions in relation to colon diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A systematic search and analysis of domestic and international literature were conducted, with 89% of the selected studies published within the last 10 years. The search utilized electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies involving patients with GIT diseases, including colon disorders (constipation, hemorrhoidal disease, colitis, diverticulosis, colon polyps, and colon cancer), where the oral environment or the maxillofacial region was examined in relation to at least one of these conditions. A total of 2,473 scientific sources were initially identified. After removing duplicates and reviewing titles and abstracts, 985 studies were deemed eligible for further analysis. Ultimately, 59 publications met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review, providing data for quantitative comparisons.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis revealed a negative correlation between the level of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen and alveolar bone resorption, as measured by Fuchs' bone index (r = -0.633; p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between reduced osteocalcin levels in salivary fluid and disease severity (r = 0.589; p &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that salivary fluid analysis in patients with ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome may indicate the presence of periodontal inflammatory disease. There is a growing consensus among researchers that autoimmune reactions triggered by inflammatory processes in the mucosa of different GIT sections negatively affect oral tissues. For example, a 2019 study by a Japanese research group utilized 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the salivary microbiome. The study found significantly increased salivary bacterial diversity in patients with GIT cancer compared to the control group: operational taxonomic units (OTU), P = 0.02; Shannon index, P &lt; 0.01; Chao1 index, P = 0.04.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The current body of global scientific literature highlights pathological changes in oral tissues associated with colon diseases, which could aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of colorectal disease activity. This growing interest underscores the importance of further research into the interconnection between colon diseases and oral health. However, the topic remains underexplored, with only a limited number of studies available. Notably, there are few reports on pathological oral changes in patients with hemorrhoidal disease, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive and in-depth investigations.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заболевания полости рта</kwd><kwd>кишечник</kwd><kwd>геморроидальная болезнь</kwd><kwd>заболевания толстой кишки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral diseases</kwd><kwd>intestine</kwd><kwd>hemorrhoidal disease</kwd><kwd>colon diseases</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии внешнего финансирования при проведении исследования. Выражаем благодарность за поддержку в написании статьи Василевскому Дмитрию Игоревичу (доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой хирургических болезней стоматологического факультета имени профессора А.М. Ганичкина Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени акад. И.П. Павлова, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors declare that there was no external funding for the study. We would like to thank to Vasilevsky D. I. (DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases named after Professor A.M. Ganichkin, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) the following for their support in writing this article.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peres MA, Macpherson LMD, Weyant RJ, Daly B, Venturelli R, Mathur MR, et al. Oral diseases: a global public health challenge. Lancet. 2019;394(10194):249–260. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31146-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peres MA, Macpherson LMD, Weyant RJ, Daly B, Venturelli R, Mathur MR, et al. 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