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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">periodontology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пародонтология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Parodontologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3759</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7269</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Periodontal Association (RPA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3759-2025-1088</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">periodontology-1088</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-микробиологические маркеры прогнозирования рисков развития периимплантита у пациентов с хроническим пародонтитом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and microbiological predictors of peri-implantitis risk in patients with chronic periodontitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3200-5538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бажутова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhutova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бажутова Ирина Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры стоматологии ИПО</p><p>443099, ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Bazhutova, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of the Dentistry, Post-Graduate Education Institute</p><p>89 Chapaevskaya Str., Samara, Russian Federation, 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">docba@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5905-1895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лямин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyamin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лямин Артем Викторович, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, директор Научно-образовательного профессионального центра генетических и лабораторных технологий</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem V. Lyamin, MD, PhD, DSc, Docent, Director of Professional Center for Education and Research in Genetic and Laboratory Technologies</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.v.lyamin@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-7976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трунин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trunin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трунин Дмитрий Александрович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой стоматологии ИПО</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Trunin, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Education Institute</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.a.trunin@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8864-4956</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеев Дмитрий Владимирович, специалист лаборатории культуромных и протеомных исследований в микробиологии Научно-образовательного профессионального центра генетических и лабораторных технологий</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy V. Alekseev, Specialist, Laboratory of the Culturomic and Proteomic Research in Microbiology, Professional Center for Education and Research in Genetic and Laboratory Technologies</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.v.alekseev@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9759-9944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономарев Артем Евгеньевич, биолог лаборатории иммунологических методов исследования Научно-образовательного профессионального центра генетических и лабораторных технологий</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem E. Ponomarev, Biologist, Laboratory of the Immunological Research Methods, Professional Center for Education and Research in Genetic and Laboratory Technologies</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.e.ponomonarev@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2151-6511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заров</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заров Евгений Владимирович, специалист лаборатории иммунологических методов исследования Научно-образовательного профессионального центра генетических и лабораторных технологий</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii V. Zarov, Specialist, Laboratory of the Immunological Research Methods, Professional Center for Education and Research in Genetic and Laboratory Technologies</p><p>Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.v.zarov@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9534-820X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерохин Алексей Иванович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, врач стоматолог-хирург</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey I. Erokhin, DDS, PhD, Docent</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aler-stomatolog@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Частный дантист и коллеги»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Private Dentist and Colleagues LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>171</fpage><lpage>181</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бажутова И.В., Лямин А.В., Трунин Д.А., Алексеев Д.В., Пономарев А.Е., Заров Е.В., Ерохин А.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бажутова И.В., Лямин А.В., Трунин Д.А., Алексеев Д.В., Пономарев А.Е., Заров Е.В., Ерохин А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bazhutova I.V., Lyamin A.V., Trunin D.A., Alekseev D.V., Ponomarev A.E., Zarov E.V., Erokhin A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/1088">https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/1088</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В наши дни наиболее эффективным методом решения восстановления целостности зубных рядов является дентальная имплантация. При этом у пациентов с хроническим пародонтитом в анамнезе значительно более высокий риск воспалительных осложнений, а именно мукозита и периимплантита. Разработка эффективных стратегий профилактики и лечения требует точной и своевременной оценки риска развития заболевания.</p><p>Цель исследования – разработать модель классификации риска развития периимплантита у пациентов с хроническим пародонтитом на основе клинико-микробиологических маркеров, используя метод построения дерева решений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании были проанализированы 177 пациентов с хроническим пародонтитом, разделенных на три группы: без дентальных имплантатов, с имплантатами без признаков периимплантита и с имплантатами и диагностированным периимплантитом (по 59 человек в каждой из групп). С помощью обследования полости рта, микробиологического исследования и ПЦР-исследования содержимого пародонтальных карманов был проведен анализ клинических и микробиологических показателей, позволивший выявить клинико-микробиологические маркеры риска развития периимплантита. На основе выявленных комбинаций построена модель машинного обучения на базе алгоритма CART с включением индекса Джини.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наиболее характерными симптомами в группе пациентов с периимплантитом оказались гиперестезия дентина, неприятный запах изо рта, экссудат и нависание гингивального края. Из выделенных микроорганизмов наиболее значимыми для прогнозирования оказались R. mucilaginosa, S. mitis, R. dentocariosa, A. odontolyticus, S. australis, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, A. actinomycetemcomitans. Модель показала высокую дискриминативную способность (общая корректность – 0,75, согласованность – 0,7243, ROC–AUC – 0,74).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Комплексный клинический и микробиологический анализ пациентов с периимплантитом, включающий статистическую обработку данных и применение методов машинного обучения, позволяет прогнозировать риск развития периимплантита у пациентов с хроническим пародонтитом. Результаты подчеркивают важность включения микробиологического исследования в стандартные протоколы обследования, позволяющие заблаговременно идентифицировать пациентов группы риска и персонализировать лечебные и превентивные мероприятия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Dental implantation is currently regarded as the most effective approach to restoring the continuity of the dentition. However, individuals with a history of chronic periodontitis face a significantly increased risk of inflammatory complications, particularly peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Developing effective prevention and treatment strategies requires accurate, timely risk assessment to identify at-risk patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To develop a risk classification model for peri-implantitis in patients with chronic periodontitis based on clinical and microbiological markers, using a decision tree algorithm.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 177 patients with chronic periodontitis, evenly divided into three groups (n = 59 each): without dental implants, with implants and no clinical signs of peri-implantitis, and with implants and diagnosed peri-implantitis. Clinical examination, microbiological analysis, and PCR testing of subgingival plaque from periodontal pockets were conducted to identify clinical and microbiological markers associated with peri-implantitis risk. Based on these parameters, a machine learning model was developed using the CART (Classification and Regression Tree) algorithm with the Gini index as the splitting criterion.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The most prominent clinical signs observed in patients with peri-implantitis were dentin hypersensitivity, halitosis, exudate, and gingival margin overgrowth. Among the identified microorganisms, the most predictive for peri-implantitis risk were R. mucilaginosa, S. mitis, R. dentocariosa, A. odontolyticus, S. australis, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans. The classification model demonstrated high discriminative ability, with an accuracy of 0.75, F1–score of 0.7243, and a ROC–AUC of 0.74.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A comprehensive clinical and microbiological evaluation, supported by statistical analysis and machine learning methods, provides an effective approach for predicting the risk of peri-implantitis in patients with chronic periodontitis. The findings highlight the importance of integrating microbiological diagnostics into standard clinical protocols to enable early identification of high-risk individuals and to guide personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>периимплантит</kwd><kwd>хронический пародонтит</kwd><kwd>клинико-микробиологические маркеры</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование риска</kwd><kwd>дентальная имплантация</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peri-implantitis</kwd><kwd>chronic periodontitis</kwd><kwd>clinical and microbiological markers</kwd><kwd>risk prediction</kwd><kwd>dental implantation</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии внешнего финансирования при проведении исследования. Индивидуальные благодарности для декларирования отсутствуют.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors declare that there was no external funding for the study. There are no individual acknowledgments to declare.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar S. Evidence-Based Update on Diagnosis and Management of Gingivitis and Periodontitis. Dent Clin North Am. 2019;63(1):69-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2018.08.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar S. Evidence-Based Update on Diagnosis and Management of Gingivitis and Periodontitis. Dent Clin North Am. 2019;63(1):69-81 doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2018.08.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цепов ЛМ, Николаев АИ, Нестерова ММ, Цепова ЕЛ. 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