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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">periodontology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пародонтология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Parodontologiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3759</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1726-7269</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Periodontal Association (RPA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33925/1683-3759-2020-25-2-163-170</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">periodontology-328</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпулисы: современное состояние проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epulises: current problem</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-3164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурдина</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burdina</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бурдина Полина Александровна, студент 5 курса стоматологического факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Burdina Polina A., 5 year student Faculty of Dentistry</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burdinapol@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1462-0636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюрин Алексей Германович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры патологической анатомии с патологоанатомическим отделением</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tyurin Alexey G., PhD, Associate Professor, department of Pathology</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">thurin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>170</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бурдина П.А., Тюрин А.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бурдина П.А., Тюрин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Burdina P.A., Turin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/328">https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/328</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В современной стоматологии важной проблемой является своевременная диагностика и лечение опухолевых и опухолеподобных заболеваний. Одним из часто встречающихся поражений орофациальной области, и в частности пародонта, является эпулис, опухолеподобное не неопластическое образование. Диагностика эпулисов и их дифференциальная диагностика от других патологических процессов, имеющих аналогичную локализацию и схожую микроскопическую картину, часто является сложной задачей и заслуживает особого внимания. При этом разные виды эпулисов, имея особенности гистологического строения, требуют от практикующего врача выбора определенной методики лечения конкретного пациента. Точный диагноз определяет прогноз и необходимость дальнейшего наблюдения за пациентом. Однако в современной литературе имеется множество противоречивых данных о диагностике эпулисов, более того, нет четких критериев, позволяющих отнести данное новообразование к тому или иному виду.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить наиболее информативные методы дифференциальной диагностики различных типов эпулисов и других опухолевых и опухолеподобных образований челюстных костей, имеющих сходную клиническую и гистологическую картину.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ и систематизация данных литературы с использованием электронной базы данных – PubMed/MEDLINE. Отобрана 71 статья с описанием клинических наблюдений эпулисов различных типов и других опухолевых и опухолеподобных поражений челюстных костей с похожей морфологической картиной, а также обзорных статей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Термин «эпулис» является общим для обозначения опухолевых и опухолеподобных образований альвеолярного отростка. Особенности морфологии этих образований часто требуют помимо обзорного гистологического исследования проведения иммуногистохимического типирования и генетического анализа. Верификация сосудистого и фиброзного эпулисов обычно не вызывает сложностей. Однако при инфильтрации стромы фиброзного эпулиса большим числом плазматических клеток возникает необходимость проведения дифференциальной диагностики с IgG4-ассоциированными заболеваниями. В ряде случаев для дифференциальной диагностики пиогенной гранулемы и гемангиомы требуется иммуногистохимическое типирование дополнительных компонентов сосудистой стенки. Особое внимание необходимо уделять диагностике гигантоклеточных эпулисов, при этом следует различать периферическую и центральную гигантоклеточные гранулемы, а важнейшим исследованием является генетический анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для дифференциальной диагностики фиброзного и сосудистого эпулисов в большинстве случаев достаточно только микроскопического исследования. Для исключения IgG4-ассоциированных заболеваний необходимо выполнение иммуногистохимического исследования. Диагностика гигантоклеточных эпулисов может потребовать не только иммуногистохимического исследования, но и проведения генетического анализа. Представленные методы диагностики имеют важное значение для выбора тактики лечения и определения прогноза для пациента в целом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Nowadays an important problem in dentistry is the early diagnosis and the treatment of tumors and tumor-like lesions. One of the most frequent lesions of the orofacial region, and particularly of the periodontium, is a non-tumor lesion called epulis. Some tumors and tumor-like lesions may be both clinically and histologically similar, hence the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of the epulis is still complicated and need to pay attention. Moreover, every type of epulis has particular histological features that make a clinician use a specific treatment in each clinical case. The treatment success and the necessity of the further observations are determined by the correct diagnosis. However, there is still controversial data about epulis diagnosis. Moreover, the reliable criteria for correct diagnosis of each type of epulis have not been discussed yet.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. The aim of this study is to determine the most relevant methods for differential diagnosis of every type of epulis and other tumor and tumor-like lesions of the alveolar ridge with the same clinical and histological descriptions was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In this article the review of the literature is presented. A comprehensive literature search of the studies from 1970 through 2019 in PubMed database regarding the epulis and other tumor and tumor-like lesions with the same clinical and histological descriptions was performed. 71 relevant articles were selected.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. “Epulis” is a term that refers to tumor and tumor-like lesions of the alveolar ridge. Due to their morphological features it is frequently necessary to carry out not only the histological studies but also use immunohistochemical and genetic analyses. It is not complicated to verify vascular epulis and fibrous epulis. If there is a plasma-cell infiltration of fibrous epulis stroma, clinician is to differ it from IgG4-assosiated diseases. In some cases to discern pyogenic granuloma and hemangioma it is necessary to carry out immunohistochemical study of the blood vessel wall components. It is also important to know diagnostics of giant-cell epulis. Here to divide peripheral and central giant-cell granulomas genetic analysis should be carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Usually microscopic study of fibrous and vascular epulis helps to differentiate it with other lesions. The IgG4associated diseases are to exclude by immunohistochemical study. Diagnostics of giant-cell epulis may include both immunochemical and genetic studies. Methods presented in this article are important both for treatment and for prognosis of the disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диагностические критерии</kwd><kwd>эпулис</kwd><kwd>опухолеподобные образования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diagnostic criteria</kwd><kwd>epulis</kwd><kwd>tumor-like lesions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H. A. Ajagbe, J. O. Daramola. 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