periodontologyПародонтологияParodontologiya1683-37591726-7269Russian Periodontal Association (RPA)10.33925/1683-3759-2022-27-1-4-12periodontology-592Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWЗаболевания пародонта и неалкогольная жировая болезнь печениPeriodontal diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-6862КеримовХ. Н.KerimovKh. N.

Хасан Наильевич Керимов, главный врач

Самара

Khasan N. Kerimov, DMD, Doctor-in-Chief 

Samara

doctor-kerimov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-8724АрутюновС. Д.ArutyunovS. D.

Арутюнов Сергей Дарчоевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики стоматологических заболеваний

Москва

Sergey D. Arutyunov, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Introduction to Dental Diseases 

Moscow

sd.arutyunov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-3076МаловаЕ. С.MalovaE. S.

Елена Сергеевна Малова, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, зам. директора

Самара

Elena S. Malova, MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Deputy Director

Samara

alenamalova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6862-4547МорозовВ. Г.MorozovV. G.

Вячеслав Геннадьевич Морозов, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор

Самара

Vyacheslav G. Morozov, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Director  

Samara

viacheslavmorozov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3067-018XДегтяреваЮ. С.DegtyarevaY. S.

Юлия Сергеевна Дегтярева, врач

Самара

Yulia S. Degtyareva, MD 

Samara

degtiarewa.iu@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-8211ХарахЯ. Н.KharakhY. N.

Ясер Насерович Харах, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики стоматологических заболеваний

Москва

Yaser N. Kharakh, DMD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Introduction to Dental Diseases 

Moscow

c.kharakh@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8194-2419БалмасоваИ. П.BalmasovaI. P.

Ирина Петровна Балмасова, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. лабораторией изучения патогенезов и методов лечения инфекционных болезней, НИМСИ

Москва

Irina P. Balmasova, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Laboratory for the Study of Pathogenesis and Methods of Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Medical-Dental Research Institute 

Moscow

iri.balm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3311-0367ЦаревВ. Н.TsarevV. N.

Виктор Николаевич Царев, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой микробиологии, вирусологии, иммунологии, директор НИМСИ

Москва

Viktor N. Tsarev, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology, Head of the Medical and Dental Research Institute 

Moscow

nikola777@rambler.ruКлиника стоматологии и косметологии «Dr. Kerimov» (ООО «Доктор Керимов»)РоссияDental Clinic „Doctor Kerimov, LLC”Russian FederationМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. ЕвдокимоваРоссияA.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and DentistryRussian FederationООО Медицинская компания «Гепатолог»РоссияMedical Company „Hepatologist, LLC”Russian FederationМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияA.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Peoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian Federation202214032022271412Copyright © Керимов Х.Н., Арутюнов С.Д., Малова Е.С., Морозов В.Г., Дегтярева Ю.С., Харах Я.Н., Балмасова И.П., Царев В.Н., 20222022Керимов Х.Н., Арутюнов С.Д., Малова Е.С., Морозов В.Г., Дегтярева Ю.С., Харах Я.Н., Балмасова И.П., Царев В.Н.Kerimov K.N., Arutyunov S.D., Malova E.S., Morozov V.G., Degtyareva Y.S., Kharakh Y.N., Balmasova I.P., Tsarev V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/592

Актуальность. Заболевания пародонта, являясь чрезвычайно распространенной патологией, не только приводят к потере зубов и существенно влияют на качество жизни пациентов, но и и служат фактором риска многих системных заболеваний, усугубляя в дальнейшем их течение. К одним из относительно малоизученных патологических состояний, ассоциированных с заболеваниями пародонта, относится неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП).Материалы и методы. Неинтервенционное исследование проведено путем аналитического обзора публикаций российских и зарубежных научных изданий, в которых представлены результаты независимых клинических и лабораторных исследований данного материала в период с 2011 по 2021 год.Результаты. Данные научной литературы свидетельствуют, что НАЖБП проявляется нарушениями липидного метаболизма в клетках печени, связанных с механизмами, регулируемыми ядерными печеночными рецепторами LXR, и приводит к таким угрожающим жизни состояниям, как цирроз печени и гепатоклеточная карцинома. К настоящему времени накоплены сведения о роли пародонтопатогенных бактерий в развитии НАЖБП. На примере такого ключевого пародонтопатогена как Porphyromonas gingivalis показана его возможность в условиях эксперимента встраиваться в микробиом кишечника, мигрировать через кровоток в печень и путем выживания в гепатоцитах воздействовать на ядерные рецепторы этих клеток, влияя на их липидный обмен и способствуя развитию НАЖБП.Заключение. Предполагается, что детальное изучение взаимосвязи между заболеваниями пародонта и неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени будет способствовать появлению новых эффективных стратегий диагностики и лечения указанных патологических состояний.

Relevance. Periodontal diseases, being an extremely common, do not only cause tooth loss and significantly affect the patients’ quality of life, but are also a risk factor for many systemic diseases and may subsequently aggravate their course. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the relatively understudied pathologies associated with periodontal diseases.Materials and methods. A non-interventional study analytically reviewed Russian and international scientific publications, which presented the results of independent clinical and laboratory studies on the topic from 2011 to 2021.Results. Scientific literature data evidence that NAFLD manifests by impaired lipid metabolism in liver cells, linked with mechanisms regulated by the liver nuclear receptors (LXR), and leads to such life-threatening conditions as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The information on the role of periodontal pathogens in NAFLD development has been accumulated by now. The example of such principal periodontal pathogen as Porphyromonas gingivalis experimentally demonstrated that it can integrate into the intestinal microbiome, migrate through the bloodstream to the liver, survive in hepatocytes and influence the nuclear receptors of these cells affecting the lipid metabolism and contributing to NAFLD development.Conclusion. A detailed study of the link between periodontal disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may contribute to the development of new effective strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of these pathological conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.