periodontologyПародонтологияParodontologiya1683-37591726-7269Russian Periodontal Association (RPA)10.33925/1683-3759-2022-27-4-288-297periodontology-704Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЕRESEARCHСравнительная морфологическая оценка качества биоинтеграции сшитых и несшитых ксеногенных материаловComparative morphological assessment of crosslinked and non-crosslinked xenograft biointegration qualityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-521XМележечкинаИ. А.MelezhechkinaI. A.

Мележечкина Ирина Алексеевна, аспирант кафедры пародонтологии

Москва

Irina A. Melezhechkina, DMD, PhD Student, Department of Periodontology

Moscow

iraknopka1@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-1370АтрушкевичВ. Г.AtrushkevichV. G.

Атрушкевич Виктория Геннадьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры пародонтологии

Москва

Victoria G. Atrushkevich, DMD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Department of Periodontology

Moscow

atrushkevichv@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-0552БерченкоГ. Н.BerchenkoG. N.

Берченко Геннадий Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий патологоанатомическим отделением

Москва

Gennadiy N. Berchenko, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathology

Moscow

berchenko@cito-bone.ruМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. ЕвдокимоваРоссияA. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and DentistryRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Н. Н. ПриороваРоссияNational Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N. N. PriorovRussian Federation202227122022274288297Copyright © Мележечкина И.А., Атрушкевич В.Г., Берченко Г.Н., 20222022Мележечкина И.А., Атрушкевич В.Г., Берченко Г.Н.Melezhechkina I.A., Atrushkevich V.G., Berchenko G.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.parodont.ru/jour/article/view/704

Актуальность. Применение аутотрансплантатов сегодня является золотым стандартом для аугментации мягких тканей и закрытия рецессий десны. Однако, учитывая ряд существенных недостатков этого метода, в стоматологической практике все чаще используются ксеногенные материалы различного происхождения. Целью нашего исследования явилось проведение сравнительной морфологической оценки качества биоинтеграции сшитых и несшитых ксеногенных материалов на различных сроках заживления.Материалы и методы. Исследование было проведено на 108 крысах линии Wistar (54 самца, 6 месяцев, жировой массой 462 ± 20 г; 54 самки 6 месяцев, жировой массой 414 ± 7 г), случайным образом разделенных на три группы: 1-я группа – в область поднадкостничного тоннеля, сформированного в области преддверия полости рта на нижней челюсти, имплантировали ксеногенный коллагеновый матрикс (Mucograft), 2-я группа – в область поднадкостничного тоннеля имплантировали бесклеточную дермальную коллагеновую матрицу (Mucoderm), 3-я группа – в область поднадкостничного тоннеля имплантировали сшитый ферментами D-рибозы ксеногенный материал (Ossix Volumax).Результаты. Использованные в исследовании ксеногенные материалы показали различную степень интеграции и биодеградации. К 7-м суткам после имплантации материала наиболее выраженная воспалительная реакция наблюдалась в 1-й группе (Mucograft). К 30-м суткам наблюдения несшитые коллагеновые материалы почти полностью резорбировались, в то время как сшитая коллагеновая матрица определялась в виде гомогенных масс. К 90-м суткам наблюдения во всех группах в области операции наблюдалось формирование новой соединительной ткани с различными функциональными свойствами, и только в 3-й группе гистологически определялись микрофрагменты имплантированного материала.Заключение. Данное исследование демонстрирует, что использование ксеногенных сшитых и несшитых коллагеновых мембран может в разной степени способствовать увеличению толщины мягких тканей, однако необходимо совершенствовать имеющиеся материалы для достижения результатов, сопоставимых с использованием аутогенных мягкотканых трансплантатов.

Relevance. Autografts are nowadays the gold standard for soft tissue augmentation and gingival recession coverage. However, as this method has a number of significant disadvantages, xenografts of various origins are more frequently used in dental practice. The study aimed to conduct a comparative morphological assessment of crosslinked and non-crosslinked xenogenous scaffold biointegration quality at different healing times.Materials and Methods. The study used 108 Wistar rats (54 males, six months old, fat mass 462 ± 20; 54 females, six months old, fat mass 414 ± 7) and randomly divided them into three groups. Group 1 had a xenogenous collagen matrix (Mucograft) placed in the subperiosteal tunnel in the mandibular vestibule area; Group 2 had an acellular dermal collagen matrix (Mucoderm) implanted in the subperiosteal tunnel, group 3 had D-ribose crosslinked xenogenous scaffold (Ossix Volumax) placed in the subperiosteal tunnel.Results. The studied xenogenous materials showed different integration and biodegradation extents. By postoperative day 7, Group 1 (Mucograft) showed a more pronounced inflammation. Non-crosslinked collagen materials had almost completely resorbed by the 30th day of observation, while a crosslinked collagen matrix was detected as homogenous masses. By the 90th day, all groups demonstrated the formation of new connective tissue with different functional characteristics; only Group 3 histologically revealed microfragments of the graft.Conclusion. The study shows that the xenogenous crosslinked and non-crosslinked collagen membranes may promote an increase in soft tissue thickness to a different extent. However, it is essential to improve the available materials to reach an outcome comparable to the autologous soft tissue graft treatment result.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.