Regional blood flow in dental patients with reduced interalveolar distance and auditory disorders (Part 2)

Relevance. Reduced interalveolar distance, resulting from increased wear of dental hard tissues, generalized periodontitis, and tooth loss, leads to morphofunctional changes not only in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) but also in other structures of the maxillofacial region. These changes affect hemodynamics in the vascular regions of the face, neck, brain, TMJ, and upper cervical spine. Objective. To evaluate regional blood flow in dental patients with reduced interalveolar distance and auditory disorders.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on a group of patients with signs of reduced interalveolar distance (n = 50), aged 34 to 73 years, with a mean age of 53.5 ± 2.4 years. The group comprised 22 men (44.0%) and 28 women (56.0%). The examination included the functional-physiological method for determining the central relationship of the jaws using the Apparatus for Determining Central Occlusion (AOTSO) and duplex ultrasound scanning of the head, neck, and TMJ vessels.

Results. In patients with reduced interalveolar distance in habitual occlusion, a high asymmetry coefficient of linear blood flow velocity was observed in the examined arteries, reaching up to 40%, along with signs of venous dysgemia. Using loading tests during the functional-physiological method achieved optimal positioning of the mandibular condyles in the mandibular fossa and optimized occlusion. This significantly reduced the blood flow asymmetry coefficient to 4%, with no signs of venous outflow disorders. These improvements indirectly influenced the hemodynamics of the peripheral auditory system, enhancing its function. Conclusion. reduced interalveolar distance, temporomandibular joint, auditory disorders.

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