Experimental clinical research of functional activities of collagen 3D-matrix

Relevance. The development of safe and effective methods and medical products for augmentation of soft tissues in the oral cavity has been the basis for research in experimental and clinical dentistry for more than a year. The widespread use of materials for restoring the volume of soft tissues in surgical dentistry is mainly due to the requirement of patients for aesthetics in visually significant areas of the oral cavity. At the moment, the medical market offers a large number of scaffolds for the restoration of defects in the maxillofacial region, which in turn are made from biological and synthetic raw materials. Collagen matrices occupy an important place among scaffolds. Compared to commonly used inert matrices, the advantages of using combined tissue-engineering constructs with biologically active ingredients have been demonstrated. Associated with this is the growing popularity of implantable medical devices based on the use of extracellular collagen matrix. The extracellular collagen matrix serves as the basis for the growth of cell culture and is an independent matrix that transforms into healthy recipient tissue.

Purpose. An experimentally-clinical research of functional action of collagen matrix in experiment in vivo on animals.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the vivarium of the experimental station of the all-Russian research Institute of sheep and goat breeding. Four Mature sheep of the North Caucasian meat-wool breed aged 1.5 to 2 years were used in the in vivo experiment. The body weight of the animals was 35-40 kg. Sheeps were divided into two groups of two individuals. The first group of animals was excluded 3 months after the implantation of collagen matrix samples, the second group was excluded after 6 months. At experiments statement the principle of “divided mouth" was used, where right half of the jaw was of control, and left-hand experienced. After taking the materials from the animals, the degree of biointegration, biodegradation of the samples and vascularization of the newly formed connective tissue in the area of collagen matrix implantation were analyzed.

Results. According to the results of microscopic examination of samples of connective tissue of the inflammatory process was not revealed. Connective tissue in all samples is represented by decorated and unformed connective tissue, a large number of fibrocytes and fibroblasts were found.

Conclusion. The results showed that for soft tissue volume augmentation of the oral mucosa it is effective and safe to use samples from veal, pork collagen and dura mater. Also, experimental samples of collagen matrix showed the same results of biointegration, biodegradation and vascularization as the control ones.

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