Socio-hygienic aspects of the dental caries in adults and its prevention

Relevance. A significant group is occupied by risk factors that completely depend directly on the socio-hygienic aspects of the patient's lifestyle.

Purpose. To study the impact of the nature of nutrition and oral hygiene on the dental health of adults in modern conditions. Materials and methods. To identify and assess the risk factors for dental caries, a questionnaire was developed and 121 patients from dental clinics in Kazan were interviewed. A discriminant analysis of a group of risk factors for dental caries was performed. We also conducted a comparative analysis of oral hygiene in 36 people using a manual toothbrush and the new device (toothbrush) for cleaning all surfaces of the teeth.

Results. The majority of the respondents (95,0%) brush their teeth 2 times a day with a cleaning time of 2 minutes (64,5%), and equally use both electric and manual toothbrushes. However, the frequency of brushing does not correspond to the mode and frequency of consumption of foods with easily fermentable carbohydrates in the diet, sugar-containing beverages, which has a direct impact on the occurrence of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The nature of nutrition significantly affects the development of caries of all teeth, except for the incisors of the maxilla. Brushing your teeth with a frequency of less than 2 times a day also contributes to the development of caries (except for premolars and molars of the maxilla). To improve the level of dental health of the population and prevent the development of dental caries and periodontal diseases in adults a new device (toothbrush) for cleaning all surfaces of teeth has been proposed.

Conclusion. The results of the study emphasize the practical importance of analyzing the risk factors for the development of dental caries in the adult population with the possibility of conducting reasonable, targeted correction methods to minimize the risk of further disease progression.

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