Prevalence of maxillary gingival recession in patients with occlusal plane rotation

Relevance. Gingival recession is a periodontal condition characterized by the apical displacement of the gingival margin and subsequent root surface exposure, which may remain stable or progress over time. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of gingival recession in the maxilla of patients with occlusal plane rotation. The authors present findings on the gingival margin status of maxillary teeth in individuals with transverse occlusal plane rotation.

Materials and methods. The gingival margin status of 106 patients with transverse occlusal plane rotation in the maxilla was evaluated. Facial photometry was performed, and the angle of occlusal plane rotation was identified using rapid diagnostic techniques. The Miller classification system was employed to assess the severity of gingival recession.

Results. The analysis of gingival recession prevalence on the lateralized sides of the maxillary dental arch revealed a clear correlation between the gingival margin status and the occlusal plane tilt angle. At lower tilt angles, gingival recession corresponded to Miller Class I and was primarily observed on the high side (Supra Latus) of the tilt, particularly in the canine and premolar regions. As the tilt angle increased, Miller Classes II and III were more frequently noted, with recession predominantly occurring in the canine and premolar regions on the low side (Infra Latus). No cases of Miller Class IV gingival recession were observed among the participants.

Conclusion. The severity of gingival recession was directly correlated with the occlusal plane tilt angle: a greater tilt angle was associated with more severe recession, as classified by the Miller system. The findings indicate that gingival recession is more prevalent in the canine and premolar regions on the Supra Latus side compared to the Infra Latus side and occurs more frequently in these regions than in other tooth groups.

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