Relevance. This review examines how the medical assessment of temporary incapacity for work is organized in routine healthcare practice amid ongoing healthcare digitalization, with a focus on dental diseases.

Materials and methods. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, eLibrary, and the Cochrane Library. Relevant regulatory documents governing the assessment of temporary incapacity for work were also analyzed. The review included 64 sources.

Results. With the development of digital technologies and the introduction of electronic document management systems, the procedure for issuing sick leave certificates has been revised to improve the assessment of temporary incapacity for work. The article provides a detailed review of laws and regulations governing this assessment, including its application to dental diseases. Three main diagnostic categories of dental diseases were identified: odontogenic inflammatory conditions, maxillofacial injuries, and tooth loss resulting from trauma or extraction.

Conclusion. The assessment of temporary incapacity for work is an important governmental function within the healthcare system and requires clear organization at all levels. Current legislation sets out the rules governing this service. The regulatory framework for assessing temporary incapacity for work is continually updated in response to changing socioeconomic conditions and public needs. New regulations are being adopted to improve the service within the evolving regulatory framework for healthcare digitalization.

Relevance. The frequent coexistence of oral and gastrointestinal disorders represents a clinically relevant problem. Oral mucosal lesions are often among the earliest clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal and liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and peptic ulcer disease. Such lesions may also complicate the clinical course of the underlying disease. Consequently, there is a need for effective, readily administered topical therapies, including mouthrinses that exert anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, promote tissue repair, and protect the oral mucosa.

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of a mouthrinse in the management of oral manifestations in patients receiving inpatient treatment for liver disease.

Materials and methods. The study included 25 patients receiving inpatient treatment for liver disease. The patients used the Sensitive mouthrinse for 14 days. Oral health status was assessed using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, Greene–Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), and Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI). Salivary total antioxidant activity was quantified by chemiluminescence. Microbiological methods were used to isolate major periodontal pathogens and Candida species.

Results. A 90% reduction in the OHI-S score was observed (p < 0.01), together with improvements in the periodontal indices and oral mucosal condition. Salivary total antioxidant activity increased by 4% (p = 0.02). A statistically significant 90% reduction from baseline was observed in the counts of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Candida glabrata, and C. parapsilosis.

Conclusion. The findings demonstrate the clinical efficacy of the Sensitive mouthrinse in the management of oral manifestations associated with liver disease.

Relevance. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by a relapsing course and clinical polymorphism. Conventional clinical examination may be insufficient to objectively assess morphologic, microvascular, and structural and functional tissue changes within lesions.

Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of oral capillaroscopy (OC), bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), and dynamic electrochemical potential measurement in OLP.

Material and methods. The study included 47 participants: 20 patients aged 54–72 years with OLP and 27 controls aged 20–25 years without clinically detectable oral mucosal lesions. Participants underwent clinical examination, OC, BIS, and oral mucosal electrochemical potential measurements. Quantitative data were presented as medians and interquartile ranges (Me [Q1; Q3]); between-group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test.

Results. In areas showing the characteristic reticular pattern, OC revealed an irregular microvascular pattern, dilation of the venous limbs of capillary loops, increased capillary tortuosity, and isolated petechiae. Areas with erosive and ulcerative lesions showed marked disorganization of the microvascular architecture, intravascular blood cell aggregation, and stasis. Quantitative OC assessment showed lower mean capillary blood flow velocity in both the arterial and venous limbs of capillary loops and increased capillary diameter in patients with OLP. BIS measurements showed that median resistance at 50 kHz (R50) was 485.5 [464.9; 492.3] Ω in the control group and 357.1 [353.4; 367.4] Ω in the OLP group (p = 0.042). Median reactance at 50 kHz (X50) was 193.4 [183.7; 220.9] and 136.5 [129.5; 139.8] Ω, respectively (p = 0.060). Median absolute electrochemical potential values did not differ significantly between groups: 142.1 [130.0; 166.4] mV in the control group vs 146.6 [139.1; 151.1] mV in patients with OLP (p = 0.606).

Conclusion. The combined use of OC, BIS, and electrochemical potential measurement enables site-specific multimodal assessment of oral mucosal morphology, microvasculature, hydration-related electrical properties, and local electrochemical characteristics in OLP. In this sample, the decrease in R50 was the most informative quantitative impedance parameter and may reflect increased tissue hydration and altered electrical conductivity at lesion sites. Electrochemical potential measurement warrants further investigation as an adjunctive tool for local functional assessment of lesional tissue in larger samples.

Relevance. Tooth bleaching is a popular procedure in esthetic dentistry. However, aggressive techniques may adversely affect not only chromophores but also the structural components of enamel. These potential effects underscore the need to objectively assess safety while ensuring effective bleaching. Of particular interest are the effects of modern in-office and at-home bleaching systems on enamel mineralization, as assessed using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF).

Objective. To compare the effects of different in-office and at-home bleaching systems on enamel mineralization using QLF at different follow-up time points.

Materials and methods. This prospective clinical and laboratory study included 80 patients aged 18–38 years. Volunteers diagnosed with tooth discoloration who presented to the Teeth Whitening Center of Professor Akulovich in Moscow were randomly assigned to eight groups of 10 patients each according to the bleaching technique used. All participants completed follow-up, with no dropouts. QLF parameters ∆F, ∆F_max, ∆Q, WS Area were assessed before and after the procedure and at 14 days.

Results. Transient enamel demineralization was recorded at the pre- and post-bleaching assessments. However, natural remineralization was observed in all groups 14 days after bleaching, and some at-home bleaching regimens yielded QLF values that were better than baseline.

Conclusion. QLF provides objective evidence demonstrating the safety of modern bleaching systems and the high remineralization capacity of oral fluid following the procedure.