The review presents data on the composition and properties of oral fluid and application of the crystallographic method of research for diagnosis and prognosis of diseases of the periodontal tissues. The article highlights a study on the peculiarities of diagnosis and formation of periodontal disease in the presence of concomitant pathology.

The review shows that the inflammatory processes in the tooth pulp and periodontal tissues are considered to be as a single functional and morphological system. There is a correlation between the the periodontal tissue microorganisms and the pulp in endoperiodontal lesions. It is emphasized that cytokine imbalance serves as the basis for the chronic inflammatory reactions growing, therefore it is cytokines that have high diagnostic and prognostic value both in endodontic and periodontal diseases. The role of cytokines study in the the immune development and inflammatory response is one of the most important trends in modern dentistry.

At present, in connection with the high prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, the cause of this pathology should be studied. This article reviews literature, showing the relationship between chronic oral infections as a risk factor for premature birth and other complications. The potential relationship between maternal periodontitis during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature birth, low birth weight, miscarriage or loss of early pregnancy, and pre-eclampsia are still being discussed. Together, these complications are responsible for almost 24% of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia and premature birth are the main causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

On the basis of stomatologic clinical-physiological inspection 147 people (69 men and 78 women) aged from 24 up to 82 years using dentures on artificial legs - dental intraosteal two-stage implants of various systems, with use of techniques of a gnatodinamometry and myotonometry indicators of effort of compression of dentitions, and also a tonus of a chewing musculation are studied. The new osteo-muscular physiological reflex of the chewing device taking place at persons whose stomatologic aftertreatment is carried out with use of dentures on intraosteal dental implants is described. The physiological features of implication of an osteo-muscular reflex consisting available a dental implant as a basic part of a chewing link, slight increase of a tonus of rest and compression actually of masseters at a hyposensitivity of nervous receptors of a bone tissue of jaws are defined. It is established that the chewing link with a basic part in the form of a dental implant, in comparison with intact natural teeth, is characterized by normal physiological course of nervous processes at the raised masticatory stress that needs to be considered in clinical practice.

The parameters of cellular and humoral immunity in blood and dentogingival fluid in patients with dental implants are estimated. 106 persons with dental implants without complications were examined. The CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+56+, CD19+lymphocytes and the ELISA-IgA, IgG, IgM method in serum and in the gingival fluid, and sIgA were determined by cytofluorometry. Against the background of dental implantation both in the blood and in the gingival fluid, positive changes in the ratio of CD3+, CD4+ were observed. The CD4 / CD8 index in the blood after dental implantation corresponded to the normal state, at the local level it was reduced. The levels of CD8+, CD16+/CD56+ and CD19+ in the blood increased, and decreased in the gingival fluid. The most significant changes were observed in the concentration of IgA, sIgA and IgG. A decrease in IgA in the blood during the postimplantation period indicates a lack of humoral immunity and a risk of complications. For evaluation of osseointegration, it is expedient to determine CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, immunoregulatory index, IgA, sIg at the systemic and local level.

The metabolic syndrome causes the development in the periodontium of dysbiosis, inflammation, a decrease in the mineralizing activity of bone tissue with a significant decrease in the gingival index of the API and the content of hyaluronic acid. Orthodontic surgery increases the inflammatory reaction in the periodontal (in the gums and in the bones) and at the same time stimulates the repair process in the periodontium, as evidenced by an increase in the content of hyaluronic acid in the gum and activity of AP in the periodontal bone tissue.

The article reports the possibility of using Bichat’s fat pad for reconstruction of various defects of the oral cavity. Review and analysis of the Russian-language and foreign contemporary literature in recent years on the subject was performed. The fact that buccal fat pad are most commonly used for closure of oro-antral communications or fistulas, for replacement of defects of the mucous membrane, with osteoplastic operations in preimplantation training was installed. The authors note the best anatomical location, good vascularization, ease of handling and low frequency of failures when replacement of defects by this method. High interest of specialists to buccal pad of fat exists because of the need to find new methods of surgical treatment of the patiens with defects of the oral cavity of different localization.

In the article was described causation the appearing of gingival recession in connection of local etiologic factors. Despite the fact that today the main method of treating gingival recession is considered to be surgical, many of the patients who have encountered this problem are frightened by the inevitability of surgical treatment, which ultimately can lead to a complete abandonment of treatment. At the same time, a favorable outcome of the treatment of gum recession directly depends on the timeliness of the provision of treatment and prophylactic measures and a comprehensive approach to the problem that takes into account all the cause and effect relationships of the origin of this pathology.

The issues of practical and theoretical application of the immobilized antiseptics has been considered in this article. It has performed comparative analysis of the local antiseptics usually applying at this area. The prescriptions of the clinical uses of «Argacol» gel has been given for practical applying. It has been based on existed inventions and our clinical experience

After implants are installed and the volume of bone tissue increases, it often happens that the surgeon faces with the deficiency of the attached oral mucosa when the implants are opened. This article presents a method of increasing the area of the attached mucosa in the region of installation dental implants.

The alveolar bone restoration is one of the problems of oral surgery, which require solution before dental implantation. Improvement of instruments, development of surgical procedures and creation of new bone substitute materials in recent years have allowed dental implantation in patients with severe bone atrophy in the area without teeth. Nevertheless, developing technologies can not always satisfy the demands of surgeons in selecting the ideal bone substitute material. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of bone plasty procedures on the example of the upper jaw. As a study material, three groups of patients with severe alveolar bone atrophy of the upper jaw were selected, who underwent open sinus lifting (Tatum) with various compositions of bone substitute. The article gives examples of a material combinations for obtaining the optimal volume and quality of the restored bone tissue in the region of the maxillary sinus bottom. The article contains a comparative evaluation of the patients treatment results in the observation groups.

The article is based on clinical data and scientific literature data evaluated of haemocirculation of periodontal tissues in patients with anatomical and functional disorders of the mucogingival complex using the method of ultrasonic dopplerography. Marked functional changes of the local hemodynamics in patients with these disorders of the mucogingival complex, which manifests itself in falling rates of linear and volumetric speeds of a tissue blood flow, that means reducing the level of perfusion of tissues with blood and is associated with severe functional overload of periodontal tissues in anatomical and functional disorders of the mucogingival complex.

Dental examination of 138 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus was carried out, which were divided into groups depending on the severity of the underlying disease. The level of hygiene of the oral cavity is estimated, the degree of severity of periodontitis and the prevalence of diseases of the oral mucosa are determined. A direct correlation was established between the severity of inflammatory-destructive processes in the periodontium, the prevalence of diseases of the oral mucosa and the severity of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The obtained data justify the necessity of correction of the dental status in the complex treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

The aim of this study is to identify the possible features of chronic generalized periodontitis against various forms of autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In this paper, an example of a survey of patients with periodontal pathology, during a diagnosis of Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis. Comparison and generalization of clinical and laboratory data for patients on a background of hyper- and hypothyroidism caused by autoimmune thyroid pathology. A special feature of chronic generalized periodontitis in the background of autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the predominance of the processes of dystrophic and destructive nature in periodontal tissues in the absence of severe inflammatory reactions against the backdrop of hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism is accompanied bypronounced symptoms of destruction of bone tissue with obvioussigns of inflammation. Considering the results obtained in the survey, it can be argued that for chronic generalized periodontitis in patients on background of hyper- and hypothyroidism caused by autoimmune disorders of the thyroid gland has a number of differences, which makes diagnosis and requires the development of a systematic approach to diagnosis and a choice of therapeutic tactics treatment.

In this study, conducted in a clinical setting the intensity of the study, the nature of epithelialization as well as signs of inflammation in the oral cavity in patients with lichen planus on the background of different treatments. All patients were divided into 4 groups: I group - conventional medical treatment, II of the group - in the complex treatment including compositions TIZOL with L-arginine, III group - in the treatment regimen added injection of platelet autoplasma, but were excluded from the local therapy keratoplasty applications, IV group - against a background of local and general treatment applied bioresorbable plates «KP-Plast» («VladMiva»). Treatment and monitoring of patients was carried out in the next (1-14 days) and long-term period (1-18 months). Proved and proved the effectiveness of injections of platelet autoplasma in the treatment of patients with lichen planus of the oral mucosa. The local application of medicinal compositions TIZOL with L-arginine and plates «KP-Plast» can be achieved by creating an effective concentration in the inflammation and maintain the required concentration for the desired period of time, several times reducing medicament flow and reach its dispensing to give therapeutic effect.

The problem of bone tissue regeneration in the alveolar processes of the jaws in the conditions of chronic inflammation remains relevant today. The article presents the results of experimental and immunoenzymatic studies confirming the effectiveness of the use of the chitosan membrane in combination with new xenogeneic biomaterials in reconstructive dental studies in conditions of a chronic inflammatory process.

The study of the status of interferon status in patients suffering from herpetic stomatitis showed that an increase in the production of IFN-γ mRNA during treatment with the inclusion of an antiviral drug Famvir and an interferon inducer Kagocel leads to a decrease in the activity of herpesvirus infection. In turn, the decrease in the production of INF-γ mRNA against the background of treatment with only antiviral drugs is an indicator of the preservation of disorders in the cell link and indicates the inefficiency of monotherapy.

Based on the results of a dental examination of 1426 certified employees of law enforcement agencies aged 19 to 57 years, the main indicators reflecting their dental morbidity were obtained. Also, the need for medical personnel for the provision of out-patient dental care is provided in the dispensary form of medical care, which for therapeutic and surgical dentistry is 1 medical position for 1087 certified employees of internal affairs bodies (0.92 medical posts per 1000 people) and 1 doctor's post for dentist- Orthopedist for 2632 certified employees of law enforcement agencies (0.38 doctor's posts of orthopedic dentist for 1000 people).