RESEARCH
Purpose. Determination of activity of antimicrobic components (ciprofloxacin, tinidazolum) the combined drug (Сiphran ST) on planktonic and biofilm forms of pathogens in comparison with amoxicillin/clavulanate.
Materials and methods. The pilot study of influence on planktonic forms of pathogens is executed with use of a technique of the automated cultivation of in vitro of strains of S. aureus (MRSA) and P. intermedia in a biocultivator of «Revers-Spinner RTS-1» (BioSan, Latvia). Impact on a microbic biofilm was estimated on ternary model (S. sanguis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia) with use of the scanning electronic microscopy.
Results. At impact on a strain of MRSA MIC of ciprofloxacin/tinidazolum made 12.5/500 and 25/250 mkg/ml while for the amoxicillin/klavulanat the inhibiting action was fixed only in very high concentration – 500 mkg/ml; at impact on MIC P. intermedia of ciprofloxacin/tinidazolum made 25/250 mkg/ml that did not concede to effect of amoxicillin/clavulanate. When comparing impact of the studied medicines on a three-component biofilm the concentration coming to MIC established destruction of a mantle of a biofilm and partial damage of microbial cells under the influence of ciprofloxacin/tinidazolum (according to the scanning electronic microscopy) while amoxicillin/clavulanate did not render such effect.
Conclusion. Results showed advantages of components (ciprofloxacin, tinidazolum) the combined drug (Ciphran ST) at impact on strains resistant to amoxicillin and on biofilms as choice medicine for complex treatment of patients with a chronic periodontal disease.
Purpose. To discuss an improved approach to restorative treatment of chronic periimplantitis using modified reconstructive technique.
Materials and methods. The technique was substantiated using axiomatic method of theoretical analysis. The modified reconstructive technique is based on application of split-thickness submucosal-periosteal flap with blood supply base, which has sufficient reparative-regenerativepotentialand stability in conditions of inflammatory macro-and microenvironment. We have carried out treatment of chronic periimplantitis in two patients using the modified reconstructive technique at the recovery stage.
Results. Preliminary assessment of the obtained results of use the modified reconstructive technique showed normal postoperative course and favorable outcome: low surgical stress response under conditions of primary chronic inflammation in the area of the implanted structure; low level of biological response of the submucosal-periosteal autograft with blood supply base as opposed to free grafts and osteoplastic materials; good condition of sutures in the early and medium postoperative period.
Conclusion. Application of the modified reconstructive technique can enhance the success of rehabilitation treatment inpatients in chronic periimplantitis.
Materials and methods. We carried out the analysis of 11 studies, including 610 patients with cardiovascular disease, who need surgical treatment. After the meta-analysis, we determined the gradation of periodontal pathogens from the most frequently detected in vascular biopsies to the least. We also conducted a sociological interview among 230 people and with the help of its results, we developed a multi-stage dental education program.
Results. Based on the analysis of a number of clinical studies, a positive correlation was observed (in 100% cases) between chronic oral infection and detection of periodontal pathogens in vascular biopsies. Sociological survey showed a low level of awareness between doctors and patients on this issue, and we have identified an actual lack of educational work with patients in doctor`s daily practice.
Conclusion. The analyzed works and modern clinical studies confirm the possible relationship of oral infection with cardiovascular disease, also, the results of the sociological survey motivate us to realize a large-scale educational program to inform our patients and to increase the knowledge and skills of doctors of various specialties in order to control the greatest possible number of risk factors which lead to atherosclerosis, including chronic infection of the oral cavity.
Materials and methods. To assess the effectiveness of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), depending on the method individual hygiene of an oral cavity (IHOC) and professional hygiene of an oral cavity (PHOC), 85 patients aged 24-52 with primary and moderate generalized periodontitis in remission with dental implants examined. SPT for patients in the first and third groups was conducted under the Guided Biofilm Therapy (GBT) protocol, the II group – according to the “classic” protocol. In the first group, patients brushed their teeth with a manual toothbrush (TB) in the II group – power toothbrush with oscillating-rotating movements (Oral-B Vitality), in the III group – power toothbrush with technology of rotational-return movements with pulsation and feedback by means of a mobile application (Oral-B Genius). Indices were evaluated: Silness-Loe (S-L), API, PBI, PMA, pain by visual analogue scale (VAS), duration of ongoing manipulations, two questionnaires of patients in the dynamics.
Results. With comparable baseline data, there was no negative dynamics in the second group, and in the first and third – positive dynamics throughout the observation period, with statistically significant superiority in the third group. Lower time costs of the doctor, a more comfortable perception of the patient of the procedure itself and the absence of hyperesthesia after it are noted in GBT groups.
Conclusion. The SPT complex, which includes GBT and the use of a power toothbrush with the technology of rotationalreturn movements with pulsation and feedback, shows high clinical efficacy in patients at risk with dental implants.
Purpose. To determine the value of the time factor to change the qualitative composition of plaque.
Materials and methods. In a series of clinical-anamnestic and clinical-laboratory studies studied the material-plaque obtained during the examination of 137 adult young people-students aged 18 to 20 years. Plaque sampling was performed immediately after the determination of its cariesogenicity by colometric method by J. L. Hardwick and E. B. Manlay, and after 60 minutes a clinical micrometer was used to determine the short-chain fatty acids in this plaque.
Results. The proposed clinical micrometod for determination of short-chain fatty acids in dental plaque stated an increase in the optical density of smears in persons with high caries resistance with a decrease in the optical density in smears in the presence of a carious process in the oral cavity. The obtained data correlate well with the indicators of cariesogenicity in plaque, which increases with a decrease in the content of short-chain fatty acids. Therefore, the content of short-chain fatty acids and dental plaque caries require an individual approach to oral hygiene in different patients.
Conclusion. The optimal factor of influence on the cariesogenic situation in the oral cavity is the time factor - the frequency of consumption of easily digestible carbohydrates during the day. Eating easily digestible carbohydrates that can be a nutrient medium for the oral microflora is recommended only during breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Purpose. The of the research is to study the sensitivity of Candida fungi and periodontal-pathogenic microflora to dual probiotic, including Bacillus subtilis 11В and Bacillus licheniformis 31.
Materials and methods. Material included 4 referent Candida fungus strains (C. albicans 001, C. albicans №СТС885-653, C. stellatoidea АТСС 10264, C. Krusei Harv АТСС 6259), 6 clinical isolates (C. albicans, С.Krusei, С. stellatoidea, C. tropicalis, C.glabrata, C.guilliermondi), as well as test cultures and clinical strains of periodontal-pathogenic microflora to dual probiotic. Sensitivity to dual probiotic with the determination of minimal suppressing concentration was conducted using deferred antagonism method (diffusion method - perpendicular streak technique).
Results. Results of the study showed that both Candida fungi and periodontal-pathogenic microflora are sensitive to dual probiotic.
Conclusion. Thus, antagonistic activity of dual probiotic regarding referent strains and clinical isolates of Candida fungi, as well as test cultures and clinical strains of periodontal-pathogenic microbes allows to use it in a complex treatment of Candidaassociated periodontitis.
Purpose. Purpose. Study of the anatomical and topometric features of the zygomatic bone of an adult taking into account the age, sex and loss of natural teeth in the framework of the practical implementation of the clinical problem of maxillofacial surgery on the topic «Zygomatic implants».
Materials and methods. The object of the study was the material of the modern craniological collection. For a collection of studying the anatomical and topometric features of the zygomatic bone and assessing the impact of tooth loss on its size, more than 200 skulls of people who died aged 18 to 79 years were studied.
Results. In the study the linear dimensions and thickness of the adult zygomatic bones of an adult person have not been identified age-related features, as well as changes in the studied parameters, taking into account the side of the skull and the loss of natural teeth.
Conclusion. Regardless of the side of the skull, age, sex and degree of tooth loss, the size of the zygomatic bone of men and women is determined by the size of the skull. Digital bata obtained, taking into account the size of the patients skull (very small, small, small, medium, large and very large) showed that the structure of the zygomatic bone is characterized by the presence of a thick layer of compact substance and a small-cell spongy substance, and the direction of the bone plates of the compact substance of the zygomatic buttress, as a rule, coincides with the direction of chewing stresses.
Relevance. It is important to learn the psychophysiological features of the young people, who smother dent alveolar anomalies.
Purpose. The goal of the investigation was the learning of the features of the psychophysiological status of the young people with dent alveolar anomalies, taking into account a method of orthodontic treatment.
Materials and methods. Probands were divided into 4 groups depending on the types of used orthodontic devices. The day stress levels and a quality of the night sleep of the young people smothering dentoalveolar anomalies, taking into account a way of the orthodontic treatment (vestibular or lingual bracket-systems), were investigated. The device, which allowed to analyze the variability of the heart rate, was used for the identification of the features of the psychophysiological status. The indicators of the day stress level and the night sleep quality were examined among all investigated groups. The indicator of the day stress level was taken in percents, and the night sleep quality indicator was taken with the restoration coefficient - in standard units.
Results. Young people, using vestibular bracket-systems, were registered productive psychophysiological status with gratifying and good restoration coefficient scores. People, who received orthodontic treatment with lingual bracket-systems, were noticed the increasing their day stress level and the reducing their night sleep quality during the whole clinical-physiological research.
Conclusion. Collected findings are needed to use choosing the treatment way of dentoalveolar anomalies of the persons, whose professions are connected with their specific living conditions and physical and extreme factors.
Purpose. Evaluation of epidemiological indicators and etiopathogenetic factors of periodontal inflammatory diseases in a large agro-industrial region.
Materials and methods. There was an examination of 600 people. For each of them, a periodontal online card was filled out on the website perio-tools.com, which included the main criteria for the state of periodontal tissues. The relationship between the severity of periodontal risk factors and the severity of periodontal diseases was being determined.
Results. Among the examined adult population, the structure of inflammatory periodontal diseases at urban and rural residents was dominated by pathology corresponding to an average degree of periodontal risk. In the elderly group, a high degree of periodontal risk prevails among rural residents (Talmenka village 16.00 ± 0.03%, Shipunovo village 14.00 ± 0.02%), which is two times more than among residents of the capital Altai Territory (7.00 ± 0.06%). Correlation analysis showed a direct relationship between risk factors and the severity of periodontal disease, as well as the statistical significance of individual factors in the population of the Altai Territory when compared.
Conclusion. The most significant factors and their totality in the occurrence and development of periodontal diseases depending on age and region of residence are identified, which is important in the organization of early prevention.
Purpose. To investigate the genomic composition of microbiol dentogingival sulcus in young people with chronic gingivitis – a healthy living on the territory of Kazan of Republic Tatarstan.
Materials and methods. The study included 13 young people (6 boys and 7 girls) with chronic gingivitis. The control group consisted of 11 donors (6 boys and 5 girls) without inflammatory periodontal disease. All participants of the study were conditionally healthy, aged 18-19 years.
Results. This paper describes a universal algorithm of metagenomic studies and the results of clinical and microbiological studies of the microbiome of the dentogingival sulcus in patients without orthodontic and mucogingival pathology with a real understanding of its composition and the definition of both known and previously undefined uncultivated phylotypes.
Conclusion. Unique microbial communities not found in previously studied metagenomes were found in a sample of metagenomic samples.
Purpose. It was to rate the effectiveness of using the new domestic tools for the oral cavity after treating a chronic generalized cataral gingivitis.
Materials and methods. 63 young (from 18 to 27 years) people (8 men and 55 women), who suffered from chronic generalized cataral gingivitis in presence of substandard oral cavity hygiene, were watching. All probands were divided into two groups, taking into account the recommendations of the individual oral hygiene, and looked after for 3 months.
Results. Using of the toothpaste R.O.C.S. Bionica and the mouthwash R.O.C.S. Whitening Black Edition is effective from the start of the treatment. Then, in 6-7 days, this mouthwash should be changed for the recommended one. Patients take more care of their oral cavities just first 15 days from the beginning of the investigation. It means that the dentists should keep tabs on the patients following the oral cavity hygiene rules.
Conclusion. Regular professional oral cavity hygiene is sufficient measure to ameliorate the inflammation in the parodontium tissues and to support good oral cavity hygiene. Strong and consistent recommendations for oral cavity hygiene improve the committal to treatment-and-prophylactic measures.
Purpose. To investigate dentists’ diagnostic abilities of early Addison’s disease symptoms.
Materials and methods. In 8 patients of subsequent study intraoral mucosal pigmentation was detected. Six patients had no general complaints in their case reports, and according to their words, the pigment spots exist from their adolescence. There were general complaints typical to Addison’s disease in the two remaining clinical cases. General blood test and ACTH (synaptic test) were accomplished to identify Addison’s disease. To determine the level of sodium and potassium content biochemical blood test
was also carried out.
Results. Chronic adrenal insufficiency was detected by laboratory testing in two patients with general complaints who had no clinical manifestations of Addison’s disease of the skin.
Conclusion. In some cases oral mucosa pigmentation may be the first clinical manifestation of chronic adrenal insufficiency. Therefore, the knowledge of somatic symptoms of chronic adrenal insufficiency and indices of laboratory diagnostic for on-time diagnostics of Addison’s disease is highly important and necessary for all dental specialists.
CASE REPORT
Purpose. To evaluate the experience of using express diagnostics of psycho-sensory-anatomical-functional auto-maladaptation at periodontal therapy.
Materials and methods. This article presents the results of an express analysis of the autodesadaptation of a patient after complex periodontal treatment. Repeated rapid analysis and index assessment of the periodontal status of the patient were evaluated after 1 month.
Results. After periodontal treatment, the patient has a reduction in complaints of gum bleeding during toothbrushing, improvement of hygienic and periodontal indices, the total integral index of auto-maladaptation decreased by 7% due to the anatomical cluster, and the level of auto-maladaptation became pronounced instead of initially high.
Conclusion. Diagnostic data of PSAF autodesadaption, together with data characterizing the somatic component of the disease, allow to implement a systemic bio-psychosocial approach to research, treatment and rehabilitation of the patient. The sheet of ext-level trust information can be used both to evaluate the expression and structure of PSAF autodesaption in patients and to self-analyze it in the course of mastering this method of diagnosis, as well as for self-correction.
NEWS
REVIEW
Purpose. To study modern views on the place of immunopathology in the concept of pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, methods of modulation of the immune response, to systematize the literature devoted to this problem.
Materials and methods. A review of the literature on the topic of 80 sources from them 10 domestic and 70 foreign date.
Results. The literature review summarizes and presents modern methods of host response modulation.
Conclusion. Development and implementation of methods of host response modulation is a promising direction of development of modern periodontics.
ISSN 1726-7269 (Online)