The relevance of the research topic. Morpho-functional changes in peripheral circulation established in type 1 diabetes mellitus correlate with changes in central hemodynamics, allowing the use of microcirculation indicators as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for assessing the degree of functional vascular disorders.

Purpose – identifcation of microcirculation features of the blood by the method of laser Doppler flowmetry in children with different experience of type 1 diabetes in key age categories.

Methods. The study included 67 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged 12-15 years with an experience of the disease from six months to ten years. The comparison group consisted of 38 healthy children. The state of the microvasculature was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry using a laser analyzer for capillary blood flow LAKK-OP.

Results. In children with an experience of type 1 diabetes of less than two years, microcirculation disorders in periodontal tissues correspond to the hyperemic form, accompanied by increased perfusion, a decrease in the amplitude of low-frequency oscillations, increased heart rate, high blood flling, and blood flow bypass. For children with an endocrinopathy experience of more than three years, microcirculation disorders correspond to a stagnant form, combined with a decrease in perfusion due to stagnation of blood in the venular link, endothelial domination with suppression of neurogenic and cardiac fluctuations, low effciency and redistribution of blood flow in favor of the nutritive link.

Summary. With the increase in experience, the degree of compensation of type 1 diabetes, the progression of diabetic microangiopathy, it is advisable to designate two stages of development of microcirculatory disorders. Early - compensatory with active adaptation, including neurogenic and endothelial regulation mechanisms. Late - decompensation with passive adaptation, supporting the effectiveness of microcirculation due to myogenic control of regulation, shunting and increasing the rate of blood outflow.

Relevance of the research topic. The frequency of the spread of the crowded position of the teeth in the frontal parts of the jaws among other dental anomalies, according to R. Ferro (2016) is 48% of the number of all examined by him. Due to the wide prevalence of anomalies in the optimization of orthodontic treatment of patients with a crowded position of the teeth continue to attract researchers. Studies of a number of authors have shown, the prevalence of malocclusion is an average of 33.7 per cent. The frequency of anomalies of occlusion, combined with the close position of the teeth in the anterior region is increased to 59-73%. The role of the third molars in the formation of the crowded position of the teeth continues to be clarifed. The goal is to increase the effciency of orthodontic treatment of patients with kuchennym the position of the teeth in the frontal parts of the jaws due to ulzibat and vibropneumotables.

Materials and methods. In the study, analysis of histological preparations 35 patients aged 16-25 with kuchennym position of the cutters who underwent orthodontic treatment by the conventional method with the use of permanent equipment. Three groups were identifed: 1st-control, 2nd-before applying non – removable equipment performed fbrotomy and 3rd-after removal of non – removable equipment performed fbrotomy according to the standard procedure in the Department of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry Sammu. Results. In the examined three groups of patients, the revealed structural changes in the gingival mucosa indicate its damage and the presence of chronic productive inflammation as a response to physiological response to hardware orthodontic treatment. The results of comparison of microphotographs of multilayer flat epithelium of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process of the jaws in three groups of patients were the answer to the task of the study.

Summary. The histological structure of the attached mucous-periosteal cover of the alveolar process of the upper and lower jaw in the area of the crowded position of the teeth before orthodontic treatment was studied for the frst time with the help of morphological methods of research this allowed to reveal distinctive morphological features in this group of patients. In the comparative aspect, the morphological structure of the mucous-periosteal cover of the alveolar process of the upper and lower jaw after orthodontic treatment and in the retention period in the main and control groups of patients was studied, which deepened the knowledge of the processes of ligamentous apparatus restructuring depending on the method of treatment.

Relevance of the research topic. There is a relationship between dental status of a pregnant woman and time of gestation. It is known that oral condition is changing depending on the trimester of pregnancy.

Purpose. The aim of the research was to study and compare the clinical condition of oral cavity in this group of patients, depending on the gestation period.

Methods and materials. For this purpose 110 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus were examined with using basic and additional examination methods.

Results. Pregnant women in 2 gestation period have the worst condition of oral cavity.

Summary. Analysis of results of the study allows us to determine the most critical phase during pregnancy and in future to promote normalization of oral cavity precisely in this period.

Affliation. Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education «Kursk state medical university» Ministry of healthcare Russian Federation.

Our aim is the relevance of the research topic is conditioned by the wide spreading of the periodontitis among effcient population. The purpose of investigation – the research of the influence of indolicidin analogues N7 and N8 on the content of connective tissue matrix and prooxidant-antioxidant balance in the periodontium in the periodontitis. Methods: periodontitis was simulated according to the method supposed by Volozhin A.I. and Vinogradova S.I. (1990). The animals were withdrawal from the experiment in the 7, 14 and 21 days after the removal of the thread. The content of oxyproline, glycosaminoglycans malonic aldehyde, acylhydroperoxides, catalase activity were determined in the periodontium tissue. Indolicidin analogues N7 and N8 were injected intraperitoneally within 7 days after the removal of the thread.

Results. the increase of the concentration of lipid peroxidation metabolites, the decrease of the content of free and bound oxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, catalase activity. Both indolicidin analogues had two-phase influence on the concentration of malonic aldehyde and acylhydroperoxides: the increase on the 7 day and the decrease on the 21 one; increased the concentration of free and bound oxyproline, glycosaminoglycans.

Summary. Periodontitis development is accompanied by the decrease of the content of free and bound oxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, lipid peroxidation activation, the drop of catalase activity in the periodontium tissue. The investigated indolicidin analogues had two-phase action on the content of the lipid peroxidation metabolites in the periodontium: the increase on the 7 day and the decrease on the 21 one; increased the concentration of free and bound oxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, stimulated the catalase activity.

Relevance of the research topic. One of the possible causes of septic endocarditis is chronic odontogenic infection. The danger of this pathology lies in the sudden and rapid development of septicemia and heart valve damage, leading to disability of patients and posing a threat to their lives. Purpose.

The aim of the work is to draw the attention of practitioners to the need for preventive sanitation of the oral cavity in patients with chronic foci of odontogenic infection.

Method and materials. The article is devoted to the description of clinical observation in a patient with the development of septic endocarditis caused by the pathogen Klebsiella, which was revealed during in-depth examination and treatment of foci of odontogenic infection.

Results. The successful outcome of the disease was ensured by rapid diagnosis and adequate therapy. Summary. Pathological microflora in the periapical zones of the jaws in the form of odontogenic granulomas and radicular cysts can be the cause of severe forms of septic endocarditis. Timely surgical rehabilitation of such foci is an effective measure of prevention of life-threatening disease.

The relevance of the research topic. Despite of the improvement of methods of dental implantation the frequency of infectious and inflammatory complications caused mainly by infection of the surgical wound with the microflora of the oral cavity remains relatively high.

Purpose. Improving of the effciency of surgical treatment of patients with partial secondary adentia during dental implantation and reducing the risk of development and the volume of complications by changing the protocol of medical support in the pre-and postoperative period.

Methods. A comparative analysis of the results of the use of various schemes of medical support including the inclusion of antihomotoxic drugs in 346 patients during intraosseous dental implantation with preliminary surgical preparation of bone tissue in the period 2010-2017 was done. In accordance with the nature of the therapy, all patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients of the 1st group (140 people – 40,5%) underwent standard medical preparation in combination with antihomotoxic medicines. Patients of the 2nd group (139 people – 40,2%) received pre - and postoperative medication without the inclusion of antihomotoxic drugs according to the above scheme. There was also a separate group of patients who were contraindicated antibacterial therapy (67 people – 19,3%), who were prescribed antiseptic and antihomotoxic medicines.

Results. In the early postoperative period, inflammatory complications were signifcantly more common in the group of patients received standard therapy in contrast to the groups in which antihomotoxic drugs were included (p < 0.05). In the long-term postoperative period the complications of bone augmentation operations were revealed in 29 cases out of 346, the rate of complications was 8.4% (frequency 10.0%; confdence interval: 5.6-16.4%).

Summary. On the basis of our research we made a conclusion about the usefulness of homeopathic medicines in the standard scheme of the pre - and postoperative medical support of patients during dental implantation and related operations.

Relevance of the research topic. The regeneration of oral mucosa occurs without signifcant scarring, in contrast to skin wounds healing. Oral fbroblasts are characterized by the increased ability to replace and remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) during wound healing, as compared to skin fbroblasts, together with the higher level of secretion of cytokines stimulating cells proliferation. The inflammatory reaction in oral mucosa injuries is less intensive than in skin wounds.

Purpose. The goal is to review the literature on the topic to assess the possibility of using dermal fbroblasts for treating oral tissue defects Oral fbroblasts transplantation by injection or on various matrices signifcantly improves the recovery from periodontitis and gingival recession. Besides, positive effects of treatment can be achieved by using tissue substitutes containing autogenic oral fbroblasts and keratinocytes.

Methods and materials. A review of the literature on the topic of 70 sources from them 12 domestic and 58 foreign data. Some researches demonstrate the key role of subepithelial tissue cells in the defnition of the upper epithelium cells properties.

Results. At the same time, there are some reports about successful non-tissue-specifc transplantation, e.g. the treatment of oral mucosal defects by using tissue substitutes containing skin fbroblasts and keratinocytes.

Summary. It is still unclear, whether skin-derived cells are suitable for stimulating the regeneration of oral injuries, further research required.

Relevance of the research topic. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is one of the major factors in the development and persistence of digestive diseases and associated non-digestive disorders. The human gastrointestinal tract microbiota of different biotypes features a community of microorganisms with complex interrelationships. The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system and most easily accessible organ for specimen collection. Assessment of the oral mucosal surface works as a diagnostic test reflecting a somatic pathogenesis at its earliest stages. A hydrogen breath test is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for SIBO. The test entails measuring the hydrogen concentration in the exhaled air which is the metabolite of a quantitatively and qualitatively changed intestinal microflora. Small intestinal microbiota imbalance triggers the impairment of other gastrointestinal tract organs. It can cause oral, upper respiratory and gut tract microbial dysbiosis.

Purpose. The main concern of this study is to explore the oral microbiota of patients with desquamative glossitis coupled with SIBO.

Methods and materials. Clinical studies of 36 patients with desquamative glossitis and varying degrees of severity of SIBO generated data for this research. The comparison group comprised 12 persons with desquamative glossitis not paired by SIBO. The generated data was juxtaposed to normal reference values of the oral microbiota biocenosis. SIBO was diagnosed through hydrogen breath monitoring provided by the Gastro+Gastroliyser (BEDFONT) system while oral microflora was assessed based on culture tests.

Results. The research showed that patients with more severe SIBO and desquamative glossitis manifest a more apparent oral dysbiosis with a simultaneous decrease of normal bacteria and an increase in the amount of conditionally pathogenic bacteria. However, patients who have desquamative glossitis but do not suffer from SIBO tend to show a stable normal microbial flora and a growth of conditionally pathogenic bacteria.

Summary. The research revealed that the deranged oral microbiota of patients with desquamative glossitis vary in its degree depending on the severity of SIBO as shown by hydrogen breath tests.

Relevance. Currently, system-wide patterns of development, progression of oral lichen planus have not been studied enough. The questions of substantiation of expedient therapeutic and prophylactic measures for this disease with characteristic risk factors have not been worked out in many respects.

Purpose. Identifcation of new system-wide regularities of oral lichen planus based on the development of a model for its development, prevention and treatment.

Materials and methods. The study design included: the development of a model for the development, progression, prevention and treatment of oral lichen planus; clinical dental examination of 350 patients with oral lichen planus (the diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical data and the results of fluorescent diagnostics); evaluation of the effectiveness of a set of measures, including the prescription of drugs (Imudon, Kudesan, Tenoten).

Results. New system-wide regularities of lichen planus are revealed. For the frst time, the relative frequencies and intensities of transitions of various forms of lichen planus from one to another are estimated. A method is proposed for estimating the moment of saturation of the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of a complex of measures on the oral mucosa with lichen planus using fluorescent diagnostics. The temporal characteristics of this moment were determined during the performance of the therapeutic and prophylactic complex.

Summary. The developed model will allow, without signifcant time and material costs, justify therapeutic and prophylactic measures that are expedient for various groups of the population in case of oral lichen planus of the oral mucosa.

Relevance. Treatment of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa in individuals who use removable acrylic dentures is a pressing problem in dentistry.

The goal is a comparative assessment of the treatment of traumatic prosthetic stomatitis in patients using acrylic dentures with the use of various drugs for local use.

Material and methods. A comparative clinical observation of the treatment of traumatic prosthetic stomatitis in 52 people aged 61 to 79 years, using removable acrylic prostheses, with the use of local adhesive Solcoseril® dental adhesive paste (1 group) and gum gel with propolis ASEPTA® (group 2 ). To ensure the comparability of the obtained results and their reliability, a semi-quantitative method was used for visual assessment of the effectiveness of treating traumatic prosthetic stomatitis, which was assigned to each of the symptoms observed in patients that indicate the absence or severity of clinical symptoms.

The results of the study. Methods have been developed for determining the severity of traumatic prosthetic stomatitis and methods for assessing the effectiveness of its treatment, based on consideration of the most significant clinical symptoms of this pathology. It was established that on day 10 in group 1 of the study, the effectiveness of treatment was 82,1%, in group 2 – 81,17%.

Findings. A high effcacy of selected agents for the local treatment of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa of prosthetic etiology has been shown.

Relevance of the research topic. Evaluation of changes in the index characteristics of oral hygiene, physicochemical parameters of mixed saliva (pH, buffer capacity of saliva, redox potential, osmolality and others) allows to determine the quality of the effect of toothpaste «Рarodontax ultra clean» on the state of the oral cavity. The use of mixed saliva as a biological fluid of the body as an object of study is confrmed by its high information content and availability of diagnostic material. Studies of changes in mixed saliva, whose components affect the composition, accumulation of microbial plaque and the process of its calcifcation are appropriate.

Purpose. То evaluate the clinical effcacy of toothpaste «Рarodontax ultra clean», the complex effect of its components on the tissues of the teeth and of fabric of parоdontium, to determine the possible mechanism of anti-inflammatory action.

Materials and methods. The experiment involved 58 people. The clinical examination included: Green-Vermillion hygiene indices; bleeding, gingivitis, parоdontium indices. Laboratory studies of unstimulated mixed saliva included parameters: qualitative analysis of the secret, a number of physico-chemical parameters; crystallographic characteristics. For an integrated assessment of nonspecific resistance of the oral cavity, the reaction of adsorption of microorganisms by epithelial cells was used.

Results. In the course of use by patients of toothpaste «Рarodontax ultra clean», an improvement in the oral hygiene condition was noted, a decrease in the rate of plaque formation was diagnosed in 100% of cases, which is clinically confrmed by positive dynamics of hygiene indices (p < 0.05). With regular use of toothpaste, the inflammation of the gums decreases: after 7 days the bleeding of the gums decreases twice, after 14 days - 4.5 times. Summary. The use of toothpaste «Рarodontax ultra clean» leads to a qualitative transformation of the structure of mixed saliva in patients: an improvement in microcrystallization, an increase in salivation, an increase in pH values and bringing it into the range of normal values, an increase in buffer capacity and osmolality. Ingredients such as sodium bicarbonate, silicon dioxide and sodium fluoride contribute to the improvement of metabolic processes in the oral cavity and the adsorption properties of the epithelium after exposure to the investigated toothpaste.

It is vitally crucial for dentists to increase the quality of personal hygiene among their patients because oral hygiene is the key method of initial preventive action against oral diseases.

Our aim is to increase the quality of personal oral hygiene among students of dentistry. We defned the effciency of plaque removal by sonic powered toothbrushes (SPT – the observation groups) and manual toothbrushes (MT – the control group) with OHI-S – oral hygiene index simplifed and Loe-Silness Gingival index. Based on comparison of the hygiene index results we evaluated the dynamics digital changes before, during and after the examination.

Results of the study. The result of the observation group (Sonic Powered Toothbrush – SPT) is 32.4% higher in comparison with MT based on Loe-Silness Gingival index. The cleaning effciency of SPT by the values of OHI-S was 88.01 ± 0.24%; MT – 25.40 ±0.13%. This indicated that plaque removal was 62.7% more effcient among the participants using SPT.

Findings. The participants of the experiment were in absolutely similar terms, used the same toothpaste; however SPT decreased plaque more effectively than MT in everyday use in studies lasting up to three months.

Relevance of the research topic. Β-thalassemia major is a hereditary blood disease, the functional manifestation of which is the defciency of synthesis of the β hemoglobin chain, leading to the occurrence of severe hypochromic anemia in the frst two years of postnatal development. Treatment of the disease requires a lifelong transfusion, which leads to the iron overload disorder. The development of hemosiderosis contributes to the chronization of inflammatory processes and cellular modifcation of organs and tissues, including the oral cavity. Inevitable metabolic disorders that occur during β-thalassemia prevents the full functional participation of macro- and microelements in metabolic processes in the periodontium, which is necessary for collagen modifcation.

Purpose. The aim of the study is to identify the features of morphological changes in the gingival mucous membrane in patients with β-thalassemia major with generalized gingivitis in remission stage in order to determine potential points of application of additional corrective therapy. Materials and methods. The study included 12 patients with β-thalassemia major (the average age of the subjects was 15 ± 0.1 years). Dental examination was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the WHO, 1990. Araldite-Epon blocks were formed according to the generally accepted method. The production of semi- (1-2 microns) and ultrathin (35-70 nm) sections were obtained using a Leica EM UC7 ultramicrotome (Germany). Semi-thin sections (1-2 μm) were stained by trichrome staining according to F. D'Amico (2005). Viewing of stained and unstainted ultrathin sections was performed on an JEM-1400 electron microscope (Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 80-120 kV.

Results. Periodontal modifcation in the remission stage of catarrhal-sclerosing gingivitis in patients with β – thalassemia major is morphologically marked by disorganization of the connective tissue with destruction of the collagen structures and defciency of the presence of immunocompetent cells in its matrix. Elements of dense connective tissue spread from the papillary part of the lamina propria, where elements of loose connective tissue are usually located. The accumulation of immunocompetent cells in the composition of the connective tissue and in the vascular elements's lumen (both blood and lymphatic) of the lamina propria is not detected.

Summary. An inflammatory periodontal disease in patients with β-thalassemia major is characterized by marked disorganization of the connective tissue, which requires therapy aimed to develop a correction of mineral metabolism, antioxidant protection and activate the mechanisms of anti-infective protection of the periodontal tissues.

The relevance of the study is due to the high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with cardiovascular pathology. Currently, for the treatment of ischemic heart disease (IHD), statins are used, which, in addition to hypolipidemic action, have anti-inflammatory properties, which can lead to an increase in the pressure of the inflammatory process, not only in heart vessels, but also in paradonte.

The aim of the study was to study the effect of prolonged use of statins on the course of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with IHD.

Materials and methods. A dental examination and study of the quality of life of 122 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were performed. Surveyed were divided into two groups depending on the duration of receiving lipid-corrective therapy.

The results of the study. It has been established that in patients with coronary artery disease who take statins for a long time, the periodontal inflammation activity and the severity of its clinical manifestations are lower than in patients not using lipid-correcting therapy, which was accompanied by improvement in certain parameters of quality of life.

Relevance of the research topic. The composition and technology for the manufacture of dental ointment based on antimicrobial metronidazole, anesthetic anesthesin and an immunomodula-tor are substantiated and developed - for the frst time a biological product of the beekeeping product of a large wax moth larvae extract.

Puprose – the goal is a clinical and immunological rationale for the use of dental ointment developed composition based on the product of beekeeping for the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Materials and methods. Studies have been conducted in patients with inflammatory periodontal disease (CDL), aged from 20 to 70 years. Group I control (n = 25), who had no dental pathology and practically healthy at the time of examination, group II (n = 204) received basic thera-py, group III (n = 120) used a developed dental ointment based on ( Galleria mellonela). Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment was carried out according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Analysis of the hygienic and clinical state of periodontal tissues was taken into account by the Green-Vermillion, Russel, PMA indices in the Parma modifcation. The state of local immunity was investi-gated according to the indicators of the leukocyte migration test, the quantitative and qualitative con-tent of spontaneously released mixed saliva, the content of total protein in it, secretory immunoglobu-lin A, lysozyme.

Results. The effectiveness of the developed dental ointment is confrmed by the positive dy-namics of clinical indicators in comparison with the basic therapy in 72.3% of cases. The number of sessions per course of treatment for gingivitis and mild periodontitis was reduced to 3, moderate –5–6, and severe to 8 sessions. Indices (GI, PI, PMA) decreased by 6.7; 2.6; 5.1 times, respectively, in comparison with the group before treatment and in 3; 2; 2.6 times, respectively, compared with base-line therapy. Local immunity revealed: an increase in the production of mixed saliva in comparison with baseline data by 2.6 times, its recovery and an increase of 1 ml above the control level (p> 0.05), an increase in protein level (p <0.05), lysozyme concentration and sIgA exceeded the level before the treatment and after the baseline therapy, however, the indices did not recover to the level in the con-trol.

Summaru. Inclusion of dental ointment on the basis of Galleria mellonell into the complex therapy of VZP is a means of correcting violations of local immunity and is a promising new dosage form in practical periodontology